Trabajos en torno al pukara de Topaín (segunda región, Chile). Campaña 2011

[ES] Se presentan de forma sintética los resultados de la segunda campaña de campo del proyecto. La campaña se desarrolló entre finales de noviembre y mediados de diciembre de 2011 y consistió en tres tipos de trabajos fundamentales. El primero fue la documentación superficial de aquellas partes del entorno del sitio de Topaín que habían quedado documentadas de forma sólo genérica en el primer año, 2010. Para ello se siguió una metodología de trabajo muy similar a la empleada entonces, poniendo el acento en la documentación de las relaciones estratigráficas entre diferentes sectores de los canales de irrigación y entre éstos y las demás estructuras (terrazas, construcciones). El segundo fue la realización de algunos sondeos en determinados puntos del amplio conjunto de terrazas y campos de cultivo, con la finalidad de documentar su estratigrafía interna y de recoger muestras para contribuir a determinar su uso y datación. El tercero fue iniciar un programa sistemático de recogida de muestras en diferentes sectores de los canales de irrigación, y en algunos perfiles naturales, con la finalidad de realizar en ellas analíticas que permitan aclarar sus procesos y secuencias de formación, uso y abandono.[EN] This paper summarizes the results of the second field season of the project. The season took place between the end of November and mid December 2011, and consisted of three main work packages. Firstly, the detailed documentation of those sections of the environs of the Topain settlement site that had been only sketchily documented in the 2010 season. To do that, a methodology was followed based on the documentation of the stratgraphic relationship between different sectors of channels and between them and other structures (cultivation terraces, huts, storage barns...). Secondly, the completion of some test pits in different points across the ample terraced area, aimed at documenting the internal stratigraphy of terraces and fields and at taking a series of samples to further analyze the processes of their construction and use. Thirdly, the inception of a systematic programme of environmental sampling across the whole area of study, mainly in the network of channels and in natural profiles, aimed at acquiring a de- tailed characterization of the sequence of natural and human-induced processes occurred in the area during the construction, use and abandonment of Topain and the cultivated spaces around.Peer Reviewe

Paisajes agrícolas prehispánicos en el altiplano andino. Campañas de trabajo 2013 en el área de las Vegas de Turi (Alto Loa, Chile)

[ES] Se presentan los resultados de la cuarta anualidad del proyecto. En esta anualidad se realizaron dos campañas de trabajo de campo, una parcialmente con cargo a los fondos de la convocatoria Proyectos Arqueológicos en el Exterior del Ministerio de Cultura (en diciembre de 2013) y una previa (en julio de 2013) con cargo a fuentes de financiación adicionales obtenidas. En estas campan¿as se ampliaron notablemente los logros alcanzados hasta entonces, de dos maneras. Por un lado, extendiendo los trabajos de documentación de detalle de los espacios de riego y cultivo al entorno del sitio de Paniri. Por otro lado, abordando nuevas aproximaciones al registro doméstico de los poblados de Turi y Topain, siguiendo metodologías como el Spatial Syntax Analysis. Adicionalmente, se realizó una documentación fotogramétrica 3D de varios espacios a partir de imágenes aéreas de baja altitud tomadas con un dron: el asentamiento de Topain al completo, una muestra representativa de 4 zonas de campos de cultivo en el conjunto de Paniri y 3 estructuras singulares individuales en ese mismo conjunto de Paniri (2 estructuras tipo chull- pa y un rumimoqo).[EN] The text summarizes the results of the fourth season of the project. Two field seasons were carried out in 2013, one (December) partially supported by the Ministry of Culture, and a previous one ( July) thanks to some additional financial support. The results increase our knowledge of the area in two ways. First, the detailed mapping and documentation of agrarian and settlement structures was extended to include the surroundings of the site of Paniri. Second, new approaches to the domestic areas of Topaín and Turi were developed, following the methodology of the Spatial Syntax Analysis. Besides, a 3D photogrammetric documentation of some areas was made, aided by a lowcost UAV, which included the full settlement of Topaín and a sample of 4 sectors of cultivation fields in Paniri.Peer Reviewe

7150 Depresiones en sustratos turbosos del rhynchosporium

[ES] Definición según Bartolomé et al. (2005): comuni¬dades vegetales pioneras colonizadoras de substratos ácidos turbosos desnudos resultantes de la erosión artificial o natural de las turberas de Sphagnum. Este tipo de hábitat se presenta en los mismos terri¬torios que otras turberas de Sphagnum, fundamen¬talmente en las comarcas septentrionales y en los sistemas montañosos ácidos de la Península.Peer reviewe

Reassessing Roman military activity through an interdisciplinary approach: Myth and archaeology in Laboreiro Mountain (Northwestern Iberia)

The present work aims at the archaeological characterisation and historical contextualisation of two large enclosures recently located through remote sensing in the Laboreiro Mountain on the border between Portugal and Galicia: Lomba do Mouro and Chaira da Maza. Ancient written sources, remote sensing, archaeological survey, and absolute dating will be combined in order to shed new light on these enclosures. Given the specificity of the archaeological structures and contexts under study, the need to use complementary absolute dating methods will be discussed, including luminescence and radiocarbon dating. The results in the case of the Lomba do Mouro enclosure point to it possibly being a Roman military camp of late-Republican chronology.JF was funded by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship “Finisterrae: Negotiating and contesting marginal landscapes on the Western fringes of the Roman Empire” funded under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 794048. C2TN/IST authors gratefully acknowledge the FCT (Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation) support through the UID/Multi/04349/2020 and post-doctoral grant SFRH/BPD/114986/2016 of A. L. Rodrigues. Part of this research was also funded by FEDER through the COMPETE 2020 Programme, Lisboa Regional Programme and European Regional Development Fund (FEEI), and National Funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) under the scope of the Iberian Tin project (PTDC/HAR-ARQ/32290/2017).Peer reviewe

Ethics Committee experience during COVID-19 emergency. A brief report

La crisis sanitaria motivada por el COVID-19 hace necesaria la puesta en marcha, con celeridad, de investigaciones encaminadas a generar evidencias científicas que incidan en el control de sus devastadores efectos. Por ello, fue necesario realizar ajustes en la dinámica de trabajo de los Comités de Ética de la Investigación así como priorizar y agilizar la evaluación de los proyectos relacionados con dicha enfermedad. Este trabajo pretende analizar la actividad la actividad evaluadora del Comité de Ética de la Investigación con Medicamentos de Galicia (CEIm-G) durante dicho período de emergencia sanitaria. Se evaluaron 81 proyectos de investigación, 73 de ellos de ámbito autonómico (62 unicéntricos), 4 nacionales y 4 internacionales. En 57 proyectos el dictamen fue favorable, 4 fueron retirados por los promotores, en 6 no procedía dictamen y 14 no respondieron a las aclaraciones solicitadas hasta la fecha del cierre del estudio. La causas más frecuentes de solicitud de aclaraciones estaban relacionadas con la metodología y a continuación con la hoja de información al paciente y el consentimiento informado. También es imprescindible abordar los aspectos relacionados con la intimidad de los datos personales y las muestras y tener en cuenta la carga de trabajo de los investigadores. Como propuesta de mejora, consideramos que se debe incidir en una mayor coordinación entre los diferentes equipos de investigación para tratar de obtener resultados más robustos

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous production of events with three or more leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.A search for physics beyond the standard model in events with at least three leptons is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb-1 of proton-proton collisions with center-of-mass energy s=8TeV, was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data are divided into exclusive categories based on the number of leptons and their flavor, the presence or absence of an opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pair (OSSF), the invariant mass of the OSSF pair, the presence or absence of a tagged bottom-quark jet, the number of identified hadronically decaying τ leptons, and the magnitude of the missing transverse energy and of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta. The numbers of observed events are found to be consistent with the expected numbers from standard model processes, and limits are placed on new-physics scenarios that yield multilepton final states. In particular, scenarios that predict Higgs boson production in the context of supersymmetric decay chains are examined. We also place a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.3% on the branching fraction for the decay of a top quark to a charm quark and a Higgs boson (t→cH), which translates to a bound on the left- and right-handed top-charm flavor-violating Higgs Yukawa couplings, λtcH and λctH, respectively, of |λtcH|2+|λctH|2<0.21

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection